The Fog — ESL Lesson Plan (C1)
A complete, print-ready lesson built around an original horror short story. Best for C1 (Advanced) learners; suitable as a stretch for strong B2.
What’s inside
Introductory Questions
Full story text of The Fog
Reading Comprehension Questions
Essential Vocabulary
Discussion Questions
Targets reading, vocabulary, speaking, and writing—while developing inference, evidence use, and narrative technique. Model answers and keys included.
Download the full lesson plan today and you can find many more exercises!

Table of Contents
ToggleIntroductory Questions
Start with these to warm up. They’ll help you connect your own experiences with the atmosphere of the story.
Have you ever been caught in thick fog? How did it make you feel?
Why do you think fog is often used in horror stories and films?
What is your biggest fear about being alone outdoors?
If you heard your pet calling for help in a dangerous place, what would you do?
Video for Listening
Now take a look at the video below. Listen to the way I read the story. You can follow along with me and practice your English speaking and pronunciation. Good for listening too!

The Fog
Read the story carefully. As you read, notice how the writer uses smells, sounds, and silence to build suspense.
The smell came first.
It wasn’t the clean bite of sea spray that Tom usually breathed deep into his lungs on his evening walks.
This was thicker. Sour.
It coated his tongue like milk gone off, clinging to the back of his throat. Beneath it was the faint sweetness of flesh rotting, as if something had died far out at sea and been carried ashore in the tide.
He was halfway along the cliffs when the fog began its crawl towards him.
It came from the horizon as a grey wall, rolling across the water with unnatural speed.
One moment the sea lay open and restless; the next, it was gone, smothered under a moving mass that seemed almost solid.
The wind died in an instant. The gulls’ cries stopped. Even the constant heartbeat of the waves fell silent.
Jasper stiffened beside him, ears pricked. Then he barked—a single, sharp sound—and bolted forward, chasing a gull that flapped low and vanished into the fog.
“Jasper, wait!” Tom called. His voice was deadened, as if he’d spoken into a thick blanket.
No echo. No answer.
The damp reached him first—a film of moisture settling on his hair, his eyelashes, the inside of his collar. The fog wrapped close, and with it came a subtle sound.
Not the wind. Not the sea.
Something softer, lower—like breathing.
A dog’s bark floated back to him. Distant. Flattened by the mist.
Tom took the path down the cliff. Fence posts loomed out of the fog only to slip back into it again, their slick wood leaving damp on his sleeve when he brushed past.
Every step seemed to take him deeper into stillness, into air that pressed close on all sides.
The bark came again—but this time it was joined by another sound: a dragging scrape, wet and slow, like rope sliding across waterlogged planks.
The fog shifted, thinning for a heartbeat. The beach below glistened black in the dim light, and the scent of rot was stronger here—thick enough to make Tom swallow hard.
He stepped off the last rock and sank at once. The sand was wet and clinging, gripping at his boots. It released reluctantly each time he pulled his foot free, sucking and smacking as if trying to keep him there. To keep him submerged.
Shapes lay scattered along the tideline. At first, he thought it was driftwood. But as he drew closer, they sharpened into something much stranger.
A fishing net, frayed and tangled, clung to the ribs of a half-buried boat. Inside it was a skull, bleached smooth and clean, but far too big for a seagull or any other creature of the shore—its eye sockets round, human-sized.
A little further on, a boot jutted from the sand, barnacles crusting the rim. The leather was split, and inside, something pale and shrivelled protruded—skin pulled tight over bone.
The fog shifted again.
Something moved just beyond his sightline—shadows gliding parallel to him, too big for seals, too quiet for people.
When he stopped, they stopped.
When he took a step, they slid forward again, keeping pace in the murk.
From somewhere ahead came Jasper’s bark, high and panicked.
Tom pushed forward, the sand clutching his legs higher with every step. Then the shadows parted, and it came into view.
Tall. Thin. Macabre.
Its limbs bent where they shouldn’t, joints jutting like snapped branches under skin stretched pale and tight.
From its frame hung torn sheets of seaweed, dripping steadily, swaying as if stirred by an unseen current.
Where its face should have been was a gaping hole, jagged with broken shell, brimming with black water that poured in slow streams into the sand below.
In its claws—long, spindly things hooked like fishing gaffs—it held Jasper. The dog’s legs kicked weakly, paws scrabbling against the wet ground.
Tom shouted, lunging forward—only to sink deeper to his knees in the clinging sand. It was colder now, and when he looked down he thought, just for a moment, that each grain of sand was shifting around his legs as if alive.
The creature looming before him froze.
The dripping slowed. It turned its faceless head towards him.
Tom felt its attention like deep water pressing against his chest. Behind him, the shadows in the fog stilled, as though they too were watching.
He pulled, twisted, clawed at the sand. The grit tore the skin from his palms. He couldn’t breathe properly—the air was thick, carrying a low murmur now.
Whispers. Indistinct, curling around his ears, just at the edge of comprehension.
The creature stepped backwards, into the shallows. Water lapped against its bent legs. Jasper’s eyes locked on Tom’s—wild, pleading, desperate.
Tom roared and wrenched himself forward. For an instant, he felt the grip of the sand loosen. But the moment he lunged again, it pulled him back harder, swallowing him almost to his thighs.
The whispers grew clearer, though he couldn’t understand the words.
They were cold words. Ancient words from another time, another civilisation. They slid under his skin.
The water rose around the creature. One last, muffled bark—and then both it and Jasper slipped into the fog, swallowed whole.
The sand released him without warning. He fell forward onto his hands, gasping, and scrambled to the water’s edge. Nothing but the hiss of the tide.
No bark. No movement.
When the fog thinned, the beach was bare. The skull, the boot, the boat—they were all gone.
So was Jasper.
Tom climbed the cliff path without feeling his own legs. At home, he locked the door and pressed his back to it in the dark. His pulse slowed, but his chest was hollow, and the air in the room still smelled faintly of salt and rot.
He never spoke of that night—not to his parents, not to anyone. But the shame stayed with him.
Because he could have fought harder. Could have gone under with Jasper, if nothing else.
But he hadn’t. He’d let the fog take him.
And when the mist returned, curling against the windows, he would sometimes hear it—the dragging scrape, the whispers in that cold, foreign tongue—and beneath it, faint and desperate, a single solitary bark.

Reading Comprehension Questions
This section gathers all the questions for The Fog in one place. Read carefully and answer in your own words, using the story as evidence—quote or point to the exact line that supports your idea. Start with the literal questions, then try the ones that ask you to infer feelings, motives, or symbolism. If you get stuck, skip and return later. When you’re finished, you can check the model answers at the back of the lesson plan—but try independently first to build your skills.
How is the smell described at the start of the story?
What does Tom compare the fog to?
Where is Tom when the fog begins to approach?
How does the environment change as the fog arrives?
What does Jasper do when the fog appears?
Why does Tom’s voice sound “dead”?
What new sound does Tom hear in the fog at first?
How does the author describe the fence posts?
What other noise joins the bark?
What happens when Tom steps onto the beach?
How does the sand behave under Tom’s feet?
What does Tom first think the shapes on the beach are?
What does Tom find tangled in the fishing net?
What is unusual about the boot?
How do the shadows behave in relation to Tom?
How does the creature’s body move or look unnatural?
What is described as hanging from the creature?
What fills the hole where its face should be?
What is Jasper doing in the creature’s grasp?
What strange thing does Tom think he sees in the sand?
How does Tom feel when the creature looks at him?
Later in the story, what new sound does Tom hear in the fog?
Where does the creature move to with Jasper?
How does the sand react when Tom tries to move forward again?
How are the whispers described?
What happens to Jasper?
What is left on the beach after the fog clears?
What does Tom do when he gets home?
Why does Tom feel shame?
What sounds does Tom sometimes hear when the fog returns?

Essential Vocabulary
Write these in your notebook. You’ll use them in the practice section.
cling / clinging · smothered · loom / loomed · glistened · shrivelled · murky · macabre · gaping · whispers · scrabble / scrabbling · wrench / wrenched · hollow
Vocabulary Practice Exercise
This activity is for you to take ownership of new vocabulary.
Write each new word in your notebook.
Look up the meaning in your dictionary and write a simple definition.
Create your own sentence using the word.
Examples
• Murky – dark, unclear, or difficult to see through.
Example: The water in the pond was murky after the heavy rain.
• Glistened – to shine with a soft, reflected light.
Example: The streets glistened after the rain stopped and the sun came out.

Discussion Questions
Use these to think more deeply and speak freely. Agree, disagree, and build on each other’s ideas.
How does the description of the smell set the mood for the story?
Why might the author choose to silence all natural sounds at this point in the story?
What might the beach itself symbolise in this scene?
Why do you think the shadows in the fog stop moving at this moment?
Do you think Tom was truly helpless, or could he have done more to save Jasper?
Why do you think Jasper ran into the fog despite sensing danger?
What effect does the constant description of the sand have on the reader’s sense of tension?
How does the skull in the fishing net add to the horror atmosphere?
What role does silence play in creating fear in the story?
Do you think the creature represents something real, or is it more symbolic?
How does the author make the fog itself seem like a living character?
What do you think the whispers in the ancient language mean?
Why might the author include the detail of the boot with shrivelled flesh inside?
Do you think the story is more frightening because it is left unexplained? Why?
How does Tom’s shame at the end change the way we view his character?
If Tom had followed Jasper into the water, what might have happened?
How does the story use nature (the sea, fog, sand) to create supernatural fear?
Why do you think the author chose not to let Tom tell anyone about his experience?
Could the fog be seen as a metaphor for something in Tom’s life? If so, what?
How might the story change if told from Jasper’s point of view?
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